I-ISE Sensor Calcium Ion Water Hardness Electrode CS6518A Calcium Ion Electrode

Incazelo emfushane:

I-Hardness (Calcium Ion) Selective Electrode iyinzwa ebalulekile yokuhlaziya eyenzelwe ukulinganisa okuqondile nokusheshayo komsebenzi we-calcium ion (Ca²⁺) ezixazululweni zamanzi. Nakuba ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-electrode "yobulukhuni", ilinganisa ngqo ama-ion e-calcium yamahhala, okuyiwona abangela ubulukhuni bamanzi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqapheni imvelo, ekuphathweni kwamanzi ezimbonini (isb., ezinhlelweni zokubhaka nokupholisa), ekukhiqizweni kweziphuzo, kanye nasekufuyweni kwezinhlanzi, lapho ukulawulwa kwe-calcium okunembile kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwenqubo, ukuvimbela ukukala kwemishini, kanye nempilo yezinto eziphilayo.
Inzwa ngokuvamile isebenzisa ulwelwesi noma ulwelwesi lwe-polymer oluqukethe i-ionophore ekhethiwe, njenge-ETH 1001 noma ezinye izinto eziphathelene nayo, eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngama-ion e-calcium. Lokhu kusebenzisana kudala umehluko ongaba khona kulo lonke ulwelwesi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-electrode yokubhekisela yangaphakathi. I-voltage elinganisiwe ilandela i-Nernst equation, enikeza impendulo ye-logarithmic kumsebenzi we-ion ye-calcium ngaphakathi kobubanzi obukhulu bokuhlushwa (ngokuvamile kusuka ku-10⁻⁵ kuya ku-1 M). Izinguqulo zanamuhla ziqinile, zivame ukuba nemiklamo ye-solid-state efanele kokubili ukuhlaziywa kwelabhorethri kanye nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwenqubo eku-inthanethi.
Inzuzo ebalulekile yale electrode yikhono layo lokuletha izilinganiso zesikhathi sangempela ngaphandle kwe-wet chemistry edla isikhathi, njenge-complexometric titrations. Kodwa-ke, ukulinganiswa okucophelelayo kanye nokulungiswa kwesampula kubalulekile. Amandla e-ionic kanye ne-pH yamasampula kumele kuvame ukulungiswa kusetshenziswa i-adjuster/buffer ekhethekile ye-ionic strength ukuze kuzinziswe i-pH kanye nama-ion aphazamisayo emaski njenge-magnesium (Mg²⁺), okungathinta ukufundwa kwezinye imiklamo. Uma igcinwa kahle futhi ilinganiswa, i-electrode ekhetha i-calcium ion inikeza indlela ethembekile, ephumelelayo, futhi engabizi kakhulu yokulawula ubulukhuni obuzinikele kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-calcium kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.